270/ Navigation and Watch Keeping / 992
Na
v
i
g
ation and
W
atc
h
Kee
p
in
g
BOS-
P
RD-2
6
.900
5
02
l
andmar
k
s
,
or
other
d
i
st
i
nct
i
ve
s
i
g
ht
i
n
g
mar
k
s
,
sound
i
n
g
s
and
the
use
of
radar
p
ara
ll
e
l i
nde
xi
n
g
.
G
P
S,
as
an
e
l
ectron
i
c
a
i
d
,
may be
used
to
ver
i
fy
f
ix
es
;
x
Ensure
that
the
echo
sounder
i
s
o
p
erat
i
ona
l,
accurate
and
fu
ll
y ut
ili
sed
. T
he
date
and
t
i
me
of
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
on
should
be
mar
k
ed on
the
recorder
chart
. I
n
add
i
t
i
on
,
the
date
and
t
i
me
of
p
ass
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
cant
l
and
or
seamar
k
s
should
be mar
k
ed on
the
recorder
.
D
ur
i
n
g
a
ll
sha
ll
o
w w
ater
p
assa
g
es
and
/
or
o
p
erat
i
ons
,
the
en
g
i
ne
room
i
s
to
be manned
by
a
cert
i
f
i
ed En
g
i
ne
W
atc
h Off
ice
r
w
ho
, i
n
add
i
t
i
on
to
the
dut
i
es
g
i
ven
i
n
cha
p
ter
4.
3
i
s
res
p
ons
i
b
l
e
for
ensur
i
n
g
the
fo
ll
o
w
i
n
g
:
x
T
he use of
h
i
g
h
sea
-
suct
i
ons
w
hen
re
q
u
i
red
and
the
cont
i
nuous mon
i
tor
i
n
g
of
the
sea
w
ater
f
l
o
w
;
x
Chec
ki
n
g
that
the ma
i
n en
g
i
ne
a
l
arms
and
shutdo
w
ns
are o
p
erat
i
ona
l
and funct
i
on
tested
;
x
S
ea
w
ater
i
so
l
at
i
on
va
l
ves
are
free and
o
p
erat
i
ona
l;
x
S
ea
w
ater
stra
i
ners
are
c
l
ean
;
x
A
s
p
are
sea
w
ater
stra
i
ner
i
s
ava
il
ab
l
e
for
re
p
l
acement at
short not
i
ce
;
x
M
a
i
n
and
standby
sea
w
ater
p
um
p
s
are
o
p
erat
i
ona
l
and
any
automat
i
c
start
-
u
p
s
have
been
funct
i
on
tested
;
x
T
hat
the
sea
w
ater
l
o
w
-
p
ressure a
l
arms
are o
p
erat
i
ona
l
and
correct
l
y
set
;
x
T
hat a
ll
under
w
ater
sect
i
on
w
atert
i
g
ht
doors
are
c
l
osed and
that
w
atert
i
g
ht
i
nte
g
r
i
ty
i
s ma
i
nta
i
ned
.
4
.
3
.
5 Th
e
s
q
u
at e
ff
ect
Sq
uat
effect
i
s
a
pp
ro
xi
mate
l
y
p
ro
p
ort
i
ona
l
to the
s
q
uare
of
the
s
p
eed
of
the
sh
i
p
. T
hus
,
by
reduc
i
n
g
s
p
eed
by
ha
l
f
,
the
s
q
uat
effect
i
s
reduced
by
a
factor
of
four
. T
he
s
q
uat
effect
i
s
usua
ll
y
fe
l
t more
w
hen
the
de
p
th
/
draft
rat
i
o
i
s
l
ess
than
four
.
T
he
s
i
m
p
li
f
i
ed
s
q
uat
formu
l
a
for
vesse
l
s
i
n unrestr
i
cted
w
aters
i
s
as
fo
ll
o
w
s:
Sq
uat = C
B
x
V
2
/
1
00 (
metres
)
W
here C
B
=
S
h
i
p
s
b
l
oc
k
coeff
i
c
i
ent
*
and V =
S
p
eed
throu
g
h
w
ater
i
n
k
nots
Example: C
B
= 0.72, V = 12 kts, Squat = 1.04 meters
T
he
s
i
m
p
li
f
i
ed
s
q
uat
formu
l
a
for
vesse
l
s
i
n
restr
i
cted
w
aters
i
s
as
fo
ll
o
w
s:
Sq
uat =
2
C
B
x
V
2
/
1
00 (
meters
)
Example: C
B
= 0.72, V = 6 kts, Squat = 0.52 meters
*
N
OT
E:
Bl
oc
k
Coeff
i
c
i
ent
i
s
the
rat
i
o
of
the
vo
l
ume
of
w
ater
d
i
s
p
l
aced
by
a
sh
i
p
to
the
p
roduct
of
the
sh
i
p
'
s
l
en
g
th
,
breadth
,
and
draft
.
N
ava
l
A
rch
i
tects
determ
i
ne
i
t
for
a
number
of
conf
i
g
urat
i
ons
dur
i
n
g
comm
i
ss
i
on
i
n
g
. Bl
oc
k
Coeff
i
c
i
ent
may
be
found
i
n
the
Stability
Booklet
.
Ho
w
to
r
eco
g
ni
s
e
s
q
u
at
I
f
a
vesse
l
reaches
sha
ll
o
w w
aters
and
“
fee
l
s
the
g
round
”
fo
ll
o
w
i
n
g
chan
g
es
shall
be observed:
x
Chan
g
e of
w
ave
p
attern at
the
stern
and
the
bo
w
of
the
vesse
l;
x
T
he
vesse
l
becomes
s
l
u
gg
i
sh
w
hen
carry
i
n
g
out manoeuvres
;
x
T
he
revo
l
ut
i
on
of ma
i
n en
g
i
ne decreases
;
x
T
he
sh
i
p
’
s
s
p
eed
decreases
;
x
App
rec
i
ab
l
e
v
i
brat
i
ons
of
the
sh
i
p
’
s
hu
ll
occur
.
Ho
w
to
pr
e
v
ent
s
q
u
at
T
he ma
i
n
factors
of
s
q
uat are as
fo
ll
o
w
s:
x
E
xi
st
i
n
g w
ater
de
p
th
;
x
Vesse
l’
s
s
p
eed
throu
g
h
the
w
ater
;
x
T
he on
l
y effect
i
ve measure
to m
i
n
i
m
i
se s
q
uat
i
s
the
i
mmed
i
ate
reduct
i
on
of
s
p
eed
.
Vers
i
on
S
F
(BOS-
P
RD-0
7
.900
5
02-
ver
.04). O
r
i
g
i
na
l
date:
0
1
/
0
6
/
20
1
2.
Vers
i
on
date:
31
/
1
2
/
20
15
.
Va
li
d
vers
i
on
on
l
y
on Q
M
S
s
i
te
.
Uncontro
ll
ed
document
w
hen
p
r
i
nted
.
P
rocedure
p
re
p
ared by:
BOS
Head
of
O
p
erat
i
ons
.
App
roved
by:
BOS
Head
of
O
p
erat
i
ons
.
Va
li
dated by:
BOS
Qua
li
ty
R
e
p
resentat
i
ve
.
8
/
17
270