_212 2023 UNIVERSAL REGISTRATION DOCUMENT_MICHELIN 4 NON-FINANCIAL STATEMENT Sustainable Development Report Today, 22 Group facilities are equipped with renewable energy installations: ● Photovoltaic panels on four facilities in Thailand, six in Germany, three in China, two in Spain and one each in India and France; ● Biomass-fired boilers at two plants in France; ● Purchase of heat generated by a household waste incinerator at two facilities in France; ● Purchase of heat from biomass-fired facilities at one plant in France. Compared with the emissions from previously used energy sources, these on-site renewable energy installations avoided the release of almost 57,100 tonnes of CO2 in 2023, of which 47,000 tonnes directly reduced the Group’s total CO2 emissions (versus 33,000 in 2019). In 2023, the plant in Shenyang, China brought into service a 19.8 MWp photovoltaic panel array, adding to the 6 MWp of installed capacity. The plant in Almeria, Spain was equipped with a new 3 MWp photovoltaic system, which came on stream in January 2024 after successful trials in late 2023. The plant in Nyiregyhaza, Hungary commissioned its first electric boiler in 2023, with a second unit undergoing final trials at yearend. At the same time, heat pumps entered service to heat onsite buildings and warehouses. In France, the Golbey plant is currently commissioning two heat pumps, which are scheduled to go fully operational in firstquarter 2024. These new utilities are powered by electricity from guaranteed renewable sources. A number of other projects were under review at year-end 2023, including the installation of a biomass-fired boiler and photovoltaic panels in Cuneo, Italy and the installation of biomass-fired boilers at the Campo Grande plant in Brazil and the Montceau-les-Mines facility in France. Lastly, three photovoltaic projects are currently the subject of indepth reviews in Germany, Indonesia and the United States. Eliminating coal Today, four of the Group’s manufacturing facilities are still equipped with coal-fired boilers, Olsztyn (Poland), Louisville KY (United States), Bassens (France) and Pirot (Serbia), while another, in Shenyang, China, purchases steam from a coal-fired plant. In 2018, the Environmental Governance body(1) approved the goal of eliminating coal as an energy source in the production plants by 2030. Studies are underway at each of the five plants to replace coal with another primary energy source, such as natural gas or biomass from sustainably managed sources. In 2023, the percentage of coal in total energy use declined versus 2019 at three of the above plants, in Bassens, France (to 28% from 46%), in Olsztyn, Poland (to 40% from 95%), and at Louisville KY, United States (to 41% from 74%). During the year, the Olsztyn plant delivered two important improvements: ● a second coal-fired boiler was replaced by a gas-fired unit (the first was replaced in 2019); ● a contract was signed for the supply of supplementary heating, which will enable the facility to decommission its third coalfired boiler in 2025. The supplemental heat will be generated by fuels comprising at least 50% biomass and no more than 50% coal. As a result, in 2025, coal will account for just 5% of the facility’s energy use, with even these residual coal-fired sources scheduled to be eliminated by 2030. Replacing fossil heavy fuel oil with fuel oil derived from biomass waste In late 2023, the Waterville, Canada plant completed combustion trials with a new low-carbon fuel oil (LCFO) made from sawdust and forest residues. The two-week trial was sponsored by the Nova Scotia government, Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency and Nova Scotia Innovation Hub. As part of the trial, one of Waterville’s boilers was retrofitted for the use of LCFO fuel. A white paper assessing the results is currently being prepared by an independent laboratory. Purchasing electricity from guaranteed renewable sources Since 2017, all of the Group’s production plants in the European Union use electricity from renewable sources, mainly through direct purchases of electricity with guarantees of origin as defined by Directive (EU) 2018/2001(2) but also, to a lesser extent, through the purchase of unbundled guarantees of origin. Electricity with renewable energy certificates has been purchased in Brazil, Serbia and China since 2021, and in Thailand since 2022. In 2023, this represented over 2,389,000 MWh, for which the corresponding I-RECs were duly canceled in the registry. In all, they covered more than 52% of consumed electric power and avoided the release of 727,000 tonnes of CO2 during the year. Without these purchases, the Group’s emissions would have been 34% higher for the year. In 2023, the Group continued its strategy of purchasing renewable electricity in the United States and Mexico, with contracts to be deployed in 2024. On-site power generation In Asia, eight plants use electricity generated on-site from renewable sources under on-site power purchase agreements, which account for 1% of Group consumption. In all, 23.9% of the heat and power used by the Group in 2023 came from renewable sources [SASB TR-AP-130a.1]. (1) See section 4.1.1 The Environment/Environmental Governance. (2) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.328.01.0082.01.ENG.
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